Publikacje 2021 | Koło Badań Psychologicznych Experior

Work Addiction and Work Engagement: a Network Approach to Cross-Cultural Data

Opublikowane w International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, czasopiśmie z Impact Factor = 3.836 (40 pkt. wg. MEiN)

Autorzy: Piotr Bereznowski, Aleksandra Bereznowska, Paweł A. Atroszko, Roman Konarski

Streszczenie:This study aimed to investigate direct relationships of work addiction symptoms with dimensions of work engagement. We used three samples in which work addiction was measured with the Bergen Work Addiction Scale and work engagement was measured with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. One sample comprised responses from working Norwegians (n₁ = 776), and two samples comprised responses from working Poles (n₂ = 719; n₃ = 715). We jointly estimated three networks using the fused graphic lasso method. Additionally, we estimated the stability of each network, node centrality, and node predictability and quantitatively compared all networks. The results showed that absorption and mood modification could constitute a bridge between work addiction and work engagement. It suggests that further investigation of properties of absorption and mood modification might be crucial for answering the question of how engaged workers become addicted to work.

Słowa kluczowe: Compulsive overworking, Network analysis, Network approach, Work addiction, Work engagement, Workaholism

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Lack of measurement invariance in a widely used Facebook addiction scale may thwart progress in research on social-network-use disorder: a cross-cultural study

Opublikowane w Computers in Human Behavior, czasopiśmie z Impact Factor = 6.829.
(140 pkt. wg. MEiN)

Autorzy: Paweł A. Atroszko, Stanisław K. Czerwiński, Fares Z. El Abiddine, Sadia Malik, Mohammed A. Mamun, Zahir Vally.

Streszczenie:The social-network-use disorder (SNUD) was recently proposed as a potentially useful diagnosis in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision category “other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors.” Problematic Facebook use is among the most often investigated types of SNUD. Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) is the most widely used measure of problematic Facebook use. However, little data support the scale’s measurement invariance across different cultural groups or age groups. The present study investigated the validity and measurement invariance of the BFAS across different countries, different age groups, and different cohorts. BFAS was administered alongside depression, anxiety, and stress measures in a total sample of 5470 university and high school students from three continents and five countries: Algeria, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Poland, and the United Arab Emirates. The scale showed a lack of measurement invariance across different group comparisons. Patterns of error term correlations, factor loadings, reliability coefficients, relationships with criterion variables, as well as prevalence estimates differed in groups of interest. Lack of measurement invariance and consequently substantially different functioning of the scales across samples limits any cross-cultural comparisons and generalizability of studies’ results on problematic Facebook use. Potential causes of poor cross-cultural performance of BFAS and consequences for research on SNUD are discussed.

Słowa kluczowe: behavioral addiction, Facebook addiction, measurement invariance, social-network-use disorder, social networking sites addiction, validity

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Attitudes to AI among high school students: Understanding distrust towards humans will not help us understand distrust towards AI

Opublikowane w Personality and Individual Differences, czasopiśmie z Impact Factor = 3.004.
(100 pkt. wg. MEiN)

Autorzy: Klaudia T. Bochniarz, Stanisław K. Czerwiński, Artur Sawicki, Paweł A. Atroszko.

Streszczenie: This study aimed to examine how adolescents view artificial intelligence (AI) and its development and create a tool to measure cynical hostility towards AI. Previous studies showed people have mixed feelings about AI, yet interest in AI and its development grows. As AI is central to technological progress, creating a tool that measures the attitude towards it is necessary. Six hundred and fifty-nine high school students took part in the study. The results showed that Cynical Hostility Towards AI Scale (CHTAIS) is a valid and reliable measure and that cynical hostility towards AI is a separate construct from cynical hostility towards humans. The results showed that people are more distrustful of AI when it is perceived as more hostile and less governed by emotions. Cynical hostility towards AI may be a valuable construct, meriting further investigation and theoretical considerations.

Słowa kluczowe: Artificial intelligence, Attitudes towards AI, Big Five, Cynical hostility, Personality Scale Validity

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Measurement of shopping addiction and its relationship with personality traits and well-being among Polish undergraduate students

Opublikowane w Current Psychology, czasopiśmie z Impact Factor = 2,051.

Autorzy: Aleksandra Bereznowska, Stanisław K. Czerwiński, Paweł A. Atroszko.

Streszczenie: There is still a scarcity of studies showing the relative contribution of different personality characteristics differentiating various behavioral addictions within an integrated model. In comparison to other addictions, fairly little is known about the role of specific personality traits in compulsive shopping. In addition, few studies have investigated the unique contribution of shopping addiction in terms of explaining different facets of well-being above and beyond personality characteristics previously shown to be related to psychosocial functioning. The present study shows validation of the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS) and a tentative integrated model of potential shopping addiction personality risk factors. BSAS was administered to 1156 Polish students. In addition, demographic variables, and personality traits (Big Five), self-esteem, self-efficacy, perceived narcissism, loneliness, social anxiety, and well-being indicators were measured. BSAS had acceptable fit with the data and demonstrated good reliability. The investigated model showed that shopping addiction was related to higher extraversion, perceived narcissism, and social anxiety, and lower agreeableness and general self-efficacy. Woman and older participants scored higher on BSAS. Shopping addiction was further related to all facets of impaired well-being and explained worse general health, and decreased sleep quality above and beyond other variables in the model. The results support the notion that shopping addiction may have specific personality risk factors with low agreeableness as an outstanding characteristic. This has implications for the development of early prevention and intervention programs.

Słowa kluczowe: Personality, Scale, Shopping addiction, Social anxiety, Stress, Well-being.

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A solution for factorial validity testing of three-item scales: An example of tau-equivalent strict measurement invariance of three-item loneliness scale

Opublikowane w Current Psychology, czasopiśmie z Impact Factor = 2,051.

Autorzy: Stanisław K. Czerwiński, Paweł A. Atroszko.

Streszczenie: Ultra-short scales are increasingly popular in surveys. Congeneric model fit of a three-item scale cannot be tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) without additional assumptions because the number of degrees of freedom is equal to zero. A more rigorous tau-equivalent model, assuming equality of factor loadings can be tested instead. The objective of this study was to demonstrate this approach with an example of the psychometric study of the Polish version of the Three-Item Loneliness Scale (TILS), and to discuss the arising problems and possible solutions. There seems to be a high need for such analysis because currently, some properties of CFA make it an approach still predominant over Item Response Theory (IRT) models in the quality of life research. A sample of 3510 students completed TILS together with the questionnaires measuring a variety of indicators of well-being. The results provided evidence for a good fit of a tau-equivalent model. Furthermore, multi-group CFAs provided support for strict measurement invariance of this model. To the Authors’ knowledge, it is the first practical application of a tau-equivalent model to testing the factorial validity of an ultra-short scale and probably the first empirical case of tau-equivalent measurement invariance in psychological literature in general. TILS showed good criterion validity and satisfactory reliability. Unidimensionality of three-item scales can be examined with a tau-equivalent model that has some favorable psychometric properties. However, it might be exceedingly restrictive in certain practical cases. When developing a new short scale, it is recommended to maintain at least four items.

Słowa kluczowe: Loneliness, measurement invariance, quality of life, scale, tau-equivalence, validity.

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